JPAIR Multidisciplinary Research
https://philair.ph/index.php/jpair
<p align="justify">Open-access, peer-reviewed journals bridge disciplinary divides by publishing impactful research. Rigorous review ensures quality, while free dissemination accelerates progress for researchers and the public. These platforms empower evidence-based practices and inform a wider audience.</p>Philippine Association of Institutions for Research, Inc.enJPAIR Multidisciplinary Research2012-3981<p align="justify">Open Access. This article published by JPAIR Multidisciplinary Research is licensed under a <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)</a>. You are free to share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material). Under the following terms, you must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. You may not use the material for commercial purposes.</p>Flexible Learning in Higher Education Institution: Experiences of Instructors in a Private Higher Institution
https://philair.ph/index.php/jpair/article/view/624
<p align="justify">This research investigates instructors' experiences at Agusan del Sur College concerning Flexible Learning in the New Normal. The study adopts a mixed-method approach integrating quantitative and qualitative components. Participants are 30 full-time instructors across nine departments. The findings reveal that instructors need more training and technical competencies to conduct online courses, affecting the effectiveness of hybrid classes. Technical problems, including slow internet connections and unannounced power interruptions, despite these challenges, instructors value the flexibility inherent in Flexible Learning, spanning modalities, assessment methods, and instructional delivery, promoting greater student responsibility and time management, ultimately enhancing engagement and attentiveness. Moreover, smartphones and mobile applications serve as prevalent educational tools and eLearning resources, and there remains a preference for face-to-face classes over online learning. The study also underscores the positive impact of Flexible Learning, encompassing synchronous and asynchronous platforms, in enhancing digital and technological competencies, with 45.4% of students and 48.8% of instructors reporting its benefits. Additionally, instructors with 0-5 years of teaching experience exhibit excellent proficiency in Flexible Learning modalities and assessment methods. In conclusion, this research suggests that Flexible Learning could constitute a sustainable mode of delivery in higher education institutions, contingent on instructors receiving adequate training and support to navigate the challenges the New Normal poses effectively.</p>
Articlesface-to-facehybridassessment methodsflexible learningnew normalmixed-methodsPhilippinesJane Cachero–Paderog
Copyright (c) 2023 Jane Cachero–Paderog
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2023-07-262023-07-2612810.7719/jpair.v53i1.624Moral and Spiritual Recovery Program (MSRP): A Gender-Responsive Action Addressing the Different Challenges Faced by the Students
https://philair.ph/index.php/jpair/article/view/644
<p align="justify">The current youth landscape in the Philippines is marked by moral ambiguity and apathy towards spiritual and developmental issues. This study delves into the impact of moral and spiritual recovery programs on students at School A. The objective is to address their unique challenges and to identify how the Moral and Spiritual Recovery Program (MSRP) affects individual behavior in terms of Maka-Diyos (<em>Godly</em>), Makatao (<em>Humane</em>), Makakalikasan (<em>Nature Lover</em>), and Makabansa (<em>Patriotic</em>as perceived by teachers, to determine the themes that emerge from the challenges students face, identify the MSRP contribution to their personal growth, and to determine the program that influences the students' moral and spiritual aspects. Employing a Mixed-Method Research Design utilizing semi-structured interviews with 11 participants and surveys 1,350 participants to explore the role of MSRP in Values Formation at School A. The program transformed the classroom into a space for nurturing self-regulated learners who actively participate, comply with rules, and respect regulations. Three themes drove students’ changing priorities. These are family-centeredness, engagement in various activities, and perception of related factors. Key challenges included time management, depression, and self-analysis issues, with coping strategies like faith and religiosity. Students' transformative strategies centered on respect and integrity. Moreover, positive behavioral outcomes were observed not only during the MSRP but also during regular class hours. In conclusion, the study highlights the need to update the MSRP and align it with sustainability goals, addressing criticisms and making it more transparent in its current application.</p>
ArticlesEducationcore valuesmoralspiritual recovery programmixed-methodsPhilippinesVictorina PalanasDexter Palanas
Copyright (c) 2023 Victorina de Torres Palanas, Dexter M. Palanas
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2023-07-262023-07-26294710.7719/jpair.v53i1.644Multidimensional Assessment of the Delivery of Grade 1 Classes under Modular Instruction
https://philair.ph/index.php/jpair/article/view/653
<p style="text-align: justify;">This research delves into the global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly on educational institutions, necessitating the temporary closure of schools, which are primary learning environments for a vast number of students worldwide. In response to this challenge, the Department of Education (DepEd) in the Philippines implemented the Modular Distance Learning Modality (MDL), with a preference for this approach in many public schools across the country. MDL relies on printed and digital modules for instructional delivery. The primary objective of this research is to comprehensively assess the implementation of MDL for Grade 1 classes in selected public elementary schools in Santiago, Agusan del Norte. Specific goals include investigating stakeholder perspectives, identifying pedagogical needs for teacher support, measuring pupil competency in reading, writing, and numeracy, and formulating evidence-based recommendations for targeted catching-up programs. These programs aim to better prepare Grade 1 learners to transition to face-to-face classes, contributing valuable insights to educational policies and practices. Utilizing a descriptive research design incorporating both qualitative and quantitative techniques, this study investigates the lived experiences of teachers, tutors, and parents through interviews and focus group discussions. The findings reveal that a majority of Grade 1 pupils exhibit low or very low competencies in reading and numeracy while demonstrating above-average and excellent skills in writing.</p>
ArticlesEducationmulti-dimensional assessmentmodular instructiondescriptivePhilippinesChrista Capilitan
Copyright (c) 2023 Christa O. Capilitan
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2023-07-262023-07-26487610.7719/jpair.v53i1.653Contribution of Agama Arbitration Council as an Alternative Mode for Conflict Resolution Adopted By Shari’ah Courts in South Central Mindanao
https://philair.ph/index.php/jpair/article/view/822
<p align="justify">Issuing the Code of Muslim Personal Laws of the Philippines was a constitutional justification for the free exercise of Religion and cultural communities. This study aimed to ascertain the relationship between the contribution of the Agama Arbitration Council as an alternative mode for conflict resolution adopted by the Shari'ah Courts in South Central Mindanao. The study utilized a descriptive correlation to the 100 respondents composed of judges, clerks of courts, counselors, staff, and asatidz in the cities of Cotabato and Kidapawan, including provinces of Maguindanao, Sultan Kudarat, and North Cotabato. The researcher-made survey questionnaire was used and validated by experts, and its reliability was tested on alpha Cronbach. The Pearson r was used to analyze the data. The results found a high positive correlation between the Agama Arbitration Council as an Alternative Mode for Conflict Resolution adopted by the Shari'ah Courts in terms of divorce (talaq), subsequent marriage, and offense against customary law and its attainment of objectives on the proper conduct of arbitration procedure and the speedy disposition of cases. Hence, the Agama Arbitration Council served as a viable process instead of litigation in the regular courts. It is recommended to incorporate them as essential in the legal system of Muslims in the Philippines.</p>
ArticlesSocial Sciencepublic administrationagama arbitrationshari’ah courtsdescriptive-correlationPhilippinesSaidamin Bagolong
Copyright (c) 2023 Saidamin P. Bagolong
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2023-07-262023-07-26779010.7719/jpair.v53i1.822Revalidation of the Developed Learning Material in Analytic Geometry and Trigonometry in IDEA Format
https://philair.ph/index.php/jpair/article/view/832
<p align="justify">Elective mathematics has been an extra mathematics subject for pilot students of Eduardo Barretto Sr. National High School for quite some time now. Through this, many alumni testified how this helped them understand senior high school and college math. However, the teachers have also been struggling with the resources for specific areas of mathematics, such as Business Math, Statistics, Analytic Geometry, Trigonometry, and Calculus. When the pandemic hit the Philippines, contextualized learning material aligned with the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) helped elective mathematics teachers. The contextualized learning material was developed from April to August 2020 and was first validated in February 2021 by the students who participated in the pilot testing. However, following the due process, it was suggested that I revalidate the IDEA-formatted Analytic Geometry and Trigonometry instructional material. It examines Eduardo Barretto Sr. National High School mathematics teachers and SDO Calamba City experts' evaluation of the content's topics, objectives, concepts, directions, and activities and the format's prints, illustrations, design, and layout. Participants' perceptions of learning material were assessed using a 4-point Likert Scale survey. Hence, descriptive quantitative design. Participants were surveyed using a 4-point Likert Scale to assess their learning content impression. The findings reveal that the participants found the format and content of the developed learning material to be very satisfactory. The indicators "localized" and "can be done independently" were viewed as Fair and Satisfactory, respectively. The learning material was enhanced by localizing the activities and giving directions that could facilitate self-learning.</p>
Articlesanalytic geometrycontextualized learning materialdescriptiveEducationelective mathematicsquantitativetrigonometryPhilippinesJoan SaavedraVictorina PalanasJeruel Canceran
Copyright (c) 2023 Joan D. Saavedra, Victorina D. Palanas, Jeruel B. Canceran
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2023-07-262023-07-269110810.7719/jpair.v53i1.832Use of Video-Based Instruction With Code-Switching To Improve Students’ Attitudes And Performance
https://philair.ph/index.php/jpair/article/view/844
<p align="justify">In a world of extraordinary technological progress, teachers use a variety of ways to provide effective physical education classes. It demanded a transition from traditional to advanced digital learning. This study examined the effect of video-based instruction with code-switching on students' performance and attitudes in Physical Education. The research utilized a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design with two groups of 78 senior high school students in Bukidnon, Philippines. The data were analyzed using the mean, standard deviation, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The data showed that the performance of the experimental group, who received video-based instruction with code-switching, improved significantly more than the control group from the pre-test to the post-test. However, there was no significant difference in post-test scores in students' attitudes towards the subject between those who received Video-Based Instruction with Code-Switching and those who did not. Consequently, the language used (code-switching) is an effective tool for instruction for improving student performance and attitudes. This paper may serve as a wake-up call for the Department of Education to advocate using local language in all K–-12 programs, not just at the primary levels, given that education is essential for building a better nation. PE teachers should take note of these consequences while creating lessons that support learning and cater to the requirements and interests of diverse students.</p>
ArticlesPhysical Educationcode-switchingvideo-based instructionsperformance levelattitude towards PE and Healthquasi-experimental designPhilippinesRose Ann Deparon
Copyright (c) 2023 Rose Ann M. Deparon
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2023-07-262023-07-2610913710.7719/jpair.v53i1.844Restoration of Ecological Management Practices among Keys Attractions in 2nd District of Albay: A Basis for Sustainable Tourism Operations
https://philair.ph/index.php/jpair/article/view/845
<p align="justify">Restoration of Ecological Management Practices involves activities for the accessibility and protection of Tourist Attraction sites and the benefits of stakeholders for sustainability and development. This study dealt with restoring the environment and health safety, restoring increasing problems concerning natural calamities in the Tourist Attraction sites in the Second District of Albay, particularly in Manito, Daraga, Legazpi City, and Camalig. The data gathered were analyzed and interpreted employing the mixed method of research. Descriptive quantitative was used to analyze the data collected through the use of a questionnaire, constructed interviews to validate gathered data, and analysis of reports and documents. The study revealed the relevance and benefits of Eco-Tourism Management and Sustainability as they proposed Eco-Tourism Plans and activities to address the issue. Analyzed data revealed an Average level of awareness using given variables as proven and identified. Furthermore, there was a Moderate Impact on Indicator: Eco-Tourism Management Sustainability of Ecotourism with fully practiced and practiced. Tourist Sports owners and people in the community demand environmental awareness to protect Tourism Destinations in Albay, particularly in the Second District, as well as the other forms of maintaining Tourist Attractions. Tourism activities vary depending on stakeholders and government officials managing the activities.</p>
ArticlesSocial ScienceEcological Management PracticesRestorationSustainable Tourism OperationPhilippinesJustin Longaza
Copyright (c) 2023 Justin M. Longaza
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2023-07-262023-07-2613817210.7719/jpair.v53i1.845Digital Competence, Attitude, and Technology Utilization in Physical Education: Implication to Instructional Strategy
https://philair.ph/index.php/jpair/article/view/846
<p align="justify">The digital revolution in education presents formidable challenges for teachers and students, particularly in regions with limited access to comprehensive training and reliable internet connections. This study examined the teachers' level of digital competence, attitude toward digital instruction, and utilization of digital technology as an instructional strategy. It also investigated the relationships between these variables and whether they predict teachers' preparedness for using digital technology in physical education. This descriptive correlational and causal-predictive research was gathered from the randomly selected 300 students in a public senior high school in Bukidnon, Philippines. The results revealed that teachers generally demonstrated a high level of preparedness, positive attitudes, and extensive technology utilization in physical education. Moreover, the study established significant relationships among digital competence, attitude, and technology use, further revealing attitude as the most influential predictor of teachers' utilization of digital technology as a physical educational instructional strategy. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the crucial role of nurturing positive attitudes and enhancing digital literacy among teachers to facilitate effective technology integration in physical education. It underscores the ongoing need for continuous teacher training and support to improve competence and attitude.</p>
ArticlesDigital technologydigital competencephysical educationpreparednessattitudecorrelational researchPhilippinesOman Belisario
Copyright (c) 2023 Oman Abiera Belisario
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2023-07-262023-07-2617319510.7719/jpair.v53i1.846The Administration of Moral Governance in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao Government
https://philair.ph/index.php/jpair/article/view/856
<p><strong> </strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">The study aimed to analyze the administration of moral governance in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao government. A descriptive case study using interview guide questions to gather the responses from the 14 participants utilizing purposive sampling to members of the parliament, ministers, religious and tribal leaders, and academic and business sector representatives. The data were refined and clarified by grouping ideas or concepts to form clusters using thematic analysis. As analyzed, moral Governance in Islam is based on the Qur'an and the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.). It considers a governance of conscience coupled with good action and right behavior for the day-to-day operations and processes of the Bangsamoro government that must be duly implemented as the general habitual practice of all employees. It is the blend result of correct creed (aqeedah), good character (akhlaq), values (qiyam), integrity (nazaha), accountability (mas’ooliya), transparency (shafaafiya), and excellence (tamyeez). However, participants have confided that traditional politicians, leaders, and some professionals with secular knowledge having no or less background in Islamic laws and philosophies were some challenges they would encounter. Thus, to effectively administer moral governance, leadership should be based on Ibadah (worship), Ikhlas (sincerity), Hamd (praise), Sabr (patience), Taqwa (piety), Shura (consultation), Maslaha (public interest) and Tawakkul (reliance to God).</p>
ArticlesSocial Sciencemoral governancegood governancepublic administrationdescriptive-case studyPhilippinesNasrudin YusofSaidamin Bagolong
Copyright (c) 2023 Nasrudin P. Yusof, Saidamin P. Bagolong
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2023-07-262023-07-2619623510.7719/jpair.v53i1.856Development of Diagnostic Test in Reading for Grade 7
https://philair.ph/index.php/jpair/article/view/857
<p> Reading is unquestionably a crucial component of any educational system because it not only underlies it but also permeates its aspects. Therefore, reading should be appropriately assessed. This mixed-methods developmental study developed a test package for assessing the reading competency of Grade 7 learners. The researcher used a variety of scales for validation, attribute assessment, assessment adherence principles, and indicators of a good reading diagnostic test. Analysis methods included mean, weighted mean, difficulty-discrimination indices, and Cronbach's Alpha. It was revealed that the comprehension test has a strong reliability score for a classroom test (a=.700). In contrast, the vocabulary test has a somewhat low-reliability score (a=.600). The validity results indicated that the fluency test was extremely valid (4.535), while both vocabulary and comprehension tests were very valid (4.322, 4.486). It was described as very good (4.33), and the experts concurred that it adheres to the indicators of a good reading diagnostic test (fluency: 1.00; vocabulary: 0.97; and comprehension: 0.97). Generally, the reading diagnostic test is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing students' reading competence levels, particularly in terms of fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension, but further validation is required.</p>
ArticlesLanguage arts and readingreading test developmentmixed-method developmental research designPhilippinesArt Mangubat
Copyright (c) 2023 Art V. Mangubat
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2023-07-262023-07-2623625210.7719/jpair.v53i1.857